Lesson 1 of 3
Describe a repeating pattern with its midline, amplitude, period, and starting point.
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Big ideas · 1 of 8
Big ideas
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A sinusoidal model has amplitude and midline . Its range is [D-, D+].
For a nonconstant curve with A and B not equal to 0, the PeriodThe shortest positive input shift that repeats the whole pattern.Exactly: A fundamental period satisfies wherever defined, with no smaller positive period.Mix-up alert: For a nonconstant transformed sine or cosine, the period is ; for tangent it is .See this in Key words is in radians. The factored form shows the horizontal shift h directly.
Sketch a full cycle at quarter-period intervals. An unreflected cosine starts at a maximum; an unreflected sine starts on its midline, rising when .
A mathematical sine or cosine has all real inputs. A model may restrict time to or a stated observation window. State output units and do not assume predictions outside that window are reliable.
Step-through
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Model a small wheel whose center is 6 m high and radius is 2 m, starting at its highest point and turning once every 8 s.
Whole picture, 4 steps
4 steps. Tap a number or Show me how it works.
Worked example
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Worked example
Do this: Follow each step on paper before reading the result.
Mix-up alert
Do this: Explain the wrong idea and the repair.
Wrong idea: the phase shift of is . Repair: factor the input as ; the shift is right. Divide the whole constant by the input coefficient.
Tip
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If a sinusoid ranges from 4 to 10, explain why its amplitude is 3 and its midline is 7.
Worked example
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For :
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Flashcards
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Card 1 of 8
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Compare each extreme with the midline.
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What is amplitude?
Half the distance between maximum and minimum output.
What is the midline for a range ?
.
What is the amplitude for a range ?
4.
What is the period of ?
radians.
What is the shift of ?
1 unit left.
What is the range of ?
.
How far apart are quarter-cycle sketch points?
One fourth of the period.
Does a physical model always allow every real time?
No. State its time interval and units.
True or false
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Self-test
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6 questions. One at a time.
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Self-test
Do this: Work on paper, choose an answer, then read the feedback.
6 questions. One at a time.
Practice, not a grade. No timer. Your best score stays in this browser.
Write it
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Write it
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Match
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Connect the ideas
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